EMARGINAZIONE STRADALE
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escrilendo
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04:29
quinta-feira, 28 de julho de 2011
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Grilo,
Pedra d'Água,
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BRASILE, TERRA DI CONTRASTI di Alice Ring
Postado por
escrilendo
às
05:55
quinta-feira, 21 de julho de 2011
Marcadores:
AACADE,
Matão,
Matias,
Strade
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Prima di partire avevo cercato di documentarmi al meglio, ma davvero non avrei mai pensato di entrare a cosí stretto contatto con la realtá, e per di piú in un solo lungo giorno.
Sono appena tornata, con il mio compagno Padraic, dopo due settimane fantastiche in Brasile. Approfittando del matrimonio di mio fratello con una brasiliana di Porto Alegre, siamo andati a trovare Alberto, italiano e amico dal lontano 1986. Mai avrei potuto pensare che un giorno l’avrei reincontrato in João Pessoa assieme alla sua bellissima moglie Francinete. Ero veramente curiosa di vedere cosa stava facendo dopo aver lasciato l’Italia.
Possiamo tranquillamente affermare che durante le due settimane del nostro soggiorno non c’è stato un giorno
uguale all’altro, ma a João Pessoa Alberto e Francinete ci hanno fatto assaporare il meglio del Nord Est, ovviamente insieme alla migliore ospitalità italo-brasiliana. Tuttavia, il giorno di gran lunga più bello della nostra vacanza (a parte quello del matrimonio di mio fratello!) è stato la nostra visita a due quilombos.
Siamo partiti di buon mattino con Alberto e il suo amico/driver straordinario, Marco Antonio. La prima ora di viaggio è stata piacevole lungo una buona strada, attraversando distese di canna da zucchero e coltivazioni di abacaxi (una delle mie nuove parole preferite!). Mentre Marco Antonio guidava, Alberto ci ha fatto un quadro sintetico della storia brasiliana con particolare riferimento al fenomeno della schiavitù.
Arrivati all’ultimo paese Alberto riusciva finalmente a mettersi in contatto con una famiglia del quilombo per chiedere informazioni sulle condizioni della strada e per dire che saremmo arrivati verso mezzogiono.
Tutto sembrava filare liscio per lo meno fino a quando, lasciata la strada principale, abbiamo cominciato a dirigerci verso l’interno. Non avrò più il coraggio di lamentarmi dei buchi nelle strade irlandesi. Abbiamo così cominciato ad affrontare l’ultima parte del viaggio e, confesso, non lo dimenticherò mai. La strada semplicemente si trasformò in una serie di buche e voragini spaventose e, siccome Marco Antonio sbandava con molta frequenza, Alberto dovette saltare più volte dal fuoristrada per indicare la direzione migliore. Io semplicemente non osavo guardare fuori, convinta come ero che, prima o poi, la jeep avrebbe finito per rovesciarsi. Tuttavia, grazie all’impegno dei due, siamo arrivati a destinazione, o meglio, a qualche centinaio di metri di distanza; da lì in avanti la strada era semplicemente scomparsa.
Qui siamo stati accolti da un gruppo di bambini, lieti di vedere i nostri due piloti e ancora di più quando abbiamo regalato loro delle caramelle. Poi ci hanno accompagnati a destinazione passando attraverso le piccole abitazioni del villaggio. Alcune di queste case sono fornite di di cisterne dove viene raccolta l’acqua piovana che servirà duranta la stagione secca. Esiste un programma del governo chiamato “Un milione di cisterne per il Nord Est” ma, senza l’intervento di Luis, qui non ne sarebbe arrivata nemmeno una. Luis é amico di infanzia di Alberto e lavora in Brasile come volontario da 37 anni. Assieme a sua moglie Francimar ed altri pochi amici ha fondato l’associazione AACADE – Associazione di appoggio alle comunità afrodescendenti della Paraíba. Proseguendo possiamo constatare come buona parte delle case sia ansora di taipa, ovvero una mistura dei materiali più fondamentali (basic) che esistano: legno e fango. 'Basic' non rende loro giustizia.
Rientrati per il pranzo, ho trovato una tavola così imbandita che mi sembrava un sogno. Tre piatti di carne, tre verdure, pasta (penso in onore di Alberto!) e riso in abbondanza. Non riuscivo a capacitarmi della velocità con cui avevano preparato um mangiare così abbondante, genuino e saporito. Penso che abbiano dato fondo alle loro riserve. Questa gente che si deve accontentare di pochissimo per se stessa, ha un senso dell’ospitalità veramente incredibile. Con noi divide il pranzo la padrona di casa Eliane; é nata e vissuta sempre qui, é riuscita a studiare pedagogia e da vari anni insegna nella piccola scuola della comunità. Da pochi giorni ha terminato un corso universitario e ha discusso con successo la tesi di laurea. L’universitá di Campina Grande é raggiungibile in poco più di un’ora di pullman, ma per arrivare alla stazione deve camminare per piú di quaranta minuti. Lo stesso tragitto che tutti i giorni devono fare gli alunni della comunità che frequentano il secondo ciclo dell’educazione di base. La casa é molto semplice e essenziale ma in un angolo é in bella vista un vecchio computer, funzionante e collegato a internet via satellite. È l’unico punto di comunicazione con il mondo che Eliane usa per tutta la comunità e per tenere i contatti con Luis e Franzimar in quanto lei è la locale rappresentante dell’associazione. Tra le altre cose si occupa anche della distribuzione delle ceste basiche di alimenti che il governo invia attraverso la gestione di AACADE. La mia intenzione è di poter stabilire un legame tra Eliane e i suoi studenti e la mia scuola. La speranza è di riuscire a sensibilizzare gli alunni anche attraverso la raccolta di fondi. Sappiamo per esperienza come l’invio di un aiuto può portare lontano.
Brasil is such a country of contrasts by Alice Ring
I had read as much as possible about it and had been told about it but I hadn’t really expected to see such a reality, and all in the one day. My partner Padraic and I are just back from two fantastic weeks in Brazil. My brother’s wedding took place in Porto Alegre and so we took advantage of going that distance to visit Alberto, an Italian friend of mine since 1986. Little did I think all those years ago that I would visit him in Joao Pessoa! Apart from meeting him and his lovely wife Francinete in their home, we were really interested in the work he is doing since leaving Italy. We can safely say that no two days of our two weeks were the same. While in Joao Pessoa, Alberto and Francinete made sure that we saw and tasted the very best of what the Nordeste had to offer along with the best of Italo/Brazilian hospitality. However, by far the most memorable day of our holiday, (apart from my brother’s wedding day!) was our visit to two quilombos. We set out bright and early with Alberto and his pal/driver-extraordinaire – Marco Antonio. The first hour of the journey was pleasant – well maintained roads through good, fertile, agricultural land. Lots of sugar cane and abacaxi – one of my favourite new words! As Marc Antonio drove, Alberto gave us a summarised version of Brazilian history, particularly that which relates to slavery in the country. History lesson over, the road deteriorated rapidly as we left the main road and headed for the “interior”. I will never again complain about holes in Irish roads! We had been told that one particular family was expecting us – Alberto had given them two hours’ notice that we would arrive- around lunchtime! I can’t imagine having to cater for four visitors at such short notice! We then had to drive the final leg of the journey deeper into the interior. I will never forget it. The road disappeared into cavernous chasms and as MarcoAntonio navigated his way, Alberto jumped out to guide the wheels of the jeep. I simply couldn’t watch. I was sure the jeep would finish upside down. However, between the two men, we arrived at our destination, or rather a few hundred metres away – it was impossible to drive any further. We were met by a group of children, delighted to see our two drivers and even more so when we produced sweets. As they shared them out, we headed up to the house where we were expected, past a number of smaller houses. A few of the larger buildings had large water cisterns attached, in which water from the roof gutters collected to sustain teh family during the dry season. Apparently there is a government programme called “ A million cisterns for the Nord-Est” but without the intervention of Luis, not a single one would have arrived. Luis is Alberto’s childhood friend who has spent his working life in Brazil and other members of their group that anything gets accomplished at all in the kilombo. Along with his wife, Francimar and a few friends, he has founded AACADE, the association of support for communities of affrodescendents in Paraiba. The houses were built mainly using the most basic of all materials, wood and clay. ‘Basic’ doesn’t do them justice. On entering one of the larger houses we were given a warm welcome by all. Unfortunately, due to our lack of Portuguese, we were unable to communicate coherently. Fortunately, one young man, dressed in immaculate white, made huge efforts and using a combination of Spanish, Italian and the few words of Portuguese we had picked up, we managed to answer a few questions and learn a little bit about him. It turned out that he is a Capoeira teacher who comes once a week to work with the children in the various kilombos. This type of dance/martial arts is typical of afrobrazilian culture. By some amazing stroke of luck, the lesson would begin about two hours later and we were invited to attend. Could we have asked for anything better? I particularly remember two children – Isias and Alice – how could I forget my own name?! They were thrilled to be visited by two new gringos and couldn’t get over how branco we were! After posing for photos and “playing” with Alberto’s camera, they were ready to bring us on a short tour. We followed Alberto and the children up the steep rocky track to a few other houses. Each one housed a family but Heavens knows how they managed to survive on what we saw. Handfuls of beans and chillies were drying outside in the sunshine. But there were precious few crops of any sort, a few scrawny hens and two thin cows. I noticed that there were natural grooves in one rock and this had been directed to a large hollow – a very primitive system for collecting rainwater. Needless to say, these houses had no decent roofs on which to hang gutters, even if the occupants had been granted the all-important cisterns. Lunch, it seemed, was ready and I have no idea how they managed to put such a spread on the table. There were three meat dishes, three salads, pasta ( that must have been for Alberto!), three salads and rice. Where had all that food come from and how could they possibly have prepared it given such short notice? It must surely have come from their meagre reserves. And, it tasted even better than it looked. These people, who have so little for themselves, gave us so much. The lady of the house, Eliane, who is also the local teacher, joined us. She is from the village and apart from teaching the children, she herself is attending post-graduate studies in the nearby university in Campina Grande after forty minutes’ walk to the bus stop and another hour by bus, This is the same journey taken by all the young people of the community who wish to pursue second level education. I wondered how such a simple house could boast a computer, but it is another important tool with which she can help her community. Apart from teaching the local children she is a vital link between the village and the government and in particular, Francimar and luis. The precious cisterns are, in theory, available for all but the practice is a different story. Eliane works with Alberto and Luis to push for these cisterns. Also, she is their anchor person when it comes to the distribution of government food parcels as she allocates them to the families, according to their need as she is the local representative of AACADE. My hope is to establish a link between Eliane and her students and my school, hopefully raising awareness and. we saw how a little fundraising would go a long way. After our lovely lunch, we headed for the school where the Capoeira class was about to begin. As a teacher, I couldn’t but help myself examine the classroom, walls, furniture etc. How fortunate we are in Ireland, in spite of the recession. There were a few books on shelves but certainly not enough for all these children. As for visual aids, posters, technology... these children will be waiting. Apparently the system is such that there is no provision for children with special needs and so they are pushed through each class. We could not help but notice one boy, older than the rest, who sat apart from the other children. He reminded me of various children I have taught who needed that little bit extra encouragement, resources and assistance. In spite of all these teachers are doing, they are not in a position to satisfy everyone’s needs. The Capoeira was fascinating. The children loved it and we were amazed at the agility of the teacher – I could tell he was fit! – and how the other children responded to him and subsequently to each other. It seems to be a form of martial arts set to the beat of a tambourine. – a dialogue between the teacher and the students and then between the students themselves. The children’s concentration was fixed. It finished with a wind-down session and prayer. I had never seen anything like it. We had the pleasure and priviledge of having a few photos with the class and then they took their seats for a history lesson. With the teachers permission, Alberto spoke to the class. He asked them where they came from but not a single child answered. He reminded them that they were descendants of the slaves and while their grandparents had no freedom, these children were all members of the one race – the human race – and had equal rights to all others, along with the freedom to be anything they wanted to be. All they needed to do was work has hard as they could. How many times have I delivered the same word of wisdom to my own class? With Alberto doing the translating, I thanked the children for letting us watch their dance session and for the opportunity to teach them. I also told them that I would be showing the photos and videos to my class in Dublin, using a globe to indicate our position. I attributed the lack of spontaneous response from the children to lack of language. I was soon to see a different story. Leaving the village, we did the return journey along that track – I now see why jeeps are so important on this terrain, and headed back towards Joao Pessoa. I had so many memories from my kilombo visit, but another few were around the corner. About half-way home, we turned off the main road onto another track, this time not as bad and within minutes had stopped, this time at the quilombo of Matao. Alberto and Marc Antonio were in the arms of the most beautiful, confident, happy young women within seconds. The men were obviously no strangers here. We headed on up to a group of brightly coloured houses, each, not only with its own cistern but also with a garden where a variety of vegetables were growing. Alberto explained that five years ago, we would have been looking at a group of clay houses, no gardens, no school or community centre, huge alcohol and violence figures, certainly no gardens and a much quieter population. What happened in these five years? The answer is Luis. He and his wife, Francimar, took their time to win the hearts and trust of these people and gradually change their lives forever. The villagers were unaware that the land on which they live, which currently belongs to a judge, is in the process of being re-distributed as it was their ancestors who worked that land. There is now a scheme whereby people can now lay claim to land formerly worked by their forefathers. But some current fazenderos, cannot see why they are being compelled to hand it over, and particularly to blacks. Thanks to the intervention by Luis, Francimar and Alberto et al, these people now are aware of their entitlements. What stunned me most was the difference between these people and those we had just left behind. The confidence and self assurance was incredible. There was no sense of shyness around the gringos. We were relieved of our cameras as the children took them to take a few shots of each other. Lee (Eliane), who works in Alberto’s house, helps with the cooking and cleaning, attends school each evening and receives a salary in return, comes from this village. Her mother proudly showed us around her beautiful , cosy new home, while at the same time pointing to her old home only a hundred meters away in which she lived up to two months ago. Ten years ago the government built her a new house, or at least the foundation and walls and then stopped. So this woman has spent all those years in her clay house looking at what might be. Her daughter saved every reais she earned and gave it to her mother to finish what the government should have done. While we were there a black woman arrived on horseback, selling icecream and goodies froma n insulated box. She was visibly shocked at the gringos laughing and joking with the locals. Such a scene would have been unheard of in the recent past. Lee’s mother and her friend, a woman who would sell oil to the Arabs given the chance, proudly showed us their vegetable patch. Five years ago, according to Alberto, these women had no idea how to grow anything. Now, thanks to AACADE’s technical assistance and microcredit projects, they have a range of crops that would make any market gardener proud. And all it took was someone to take the time to show them how. That same woman spoke of politicians who would show up while on an election campaign. They would promise the sun, moon and stars to the villagers in return for votes. She said that a few years ago she would haven’t had the nerve to look any of these politicians in the eye. There would be no arguing with this woman now. I’m certain she would drive a very hard bargain! The community centre was built by Luis, Francimar, Alberto and their French and Italian friends. Now the people have their own multipurpose centre – probably the most important building in the village. If only that amount of money went as far in Europe. How do all these gorgeous girls know Alberto? It’s all thanks to the weekly photography classes he runs. He caters for a range of levels and last year put on two amazing exhibitions of the best of the photos in two famous cultural centres in the city, where each young person addressed a large audience and explained the motivation for the photograph. And so their confidence has grown to what it is today. Having being treated to coffee and cake in one house, we took our leave, escorted to the jeep by many of the villagers. The contrast between this group of people and the last was incredible. Leaving aside the improved housing and the vegetable gardens, by far the most noticeable difference was in the people themselves. They were chatty, confident and cheerful. They looked like they knew where they were going and they had some idea how to do it. And it all boils down to intervention. Like the euro to roof the centre, a little help goes a very long distance in a kilombo. The next night, as it was our last in Joao Pessoa, Alberto and Francinete kindly organised a party in our honour. Apart from the fabulous food, we met the most interesting people, all working towards social justice. Among them were two Argentian sisters who had forsaken a cushy retirement in favour of running a house for street kids, often wondering where the next meal would come or the money to pay electricity bills. However, thanks to the help they receive from numerous friends, they can continue their work. We met two men who had been priests but had decided that their true mission belonged with the people of the kilombos, fighting for human rights, because the institution of the church appeared hostile to their efforts. Is the church following the message of the Gospel at all these days? Many of these people thought otherwise and have decided to continue their work in their own way. We met one of these men’s wives, a lawyer who was threatened and run out of Sao Paolo by the police as she tried to denounce some of these same police who were members of groups trying to get rid of the underpriviledged. She continues her work undeterred, determined to continue to work with those who are most in need. So many new people I now admire. All professionals who have dedicated their lives to working with those left behind by economic development. It really was a most precious meeting with many people all working with those on the margins of society. How can a country with such obvious wealth ignore the plight of those living in the interior? Is there any reason why they should not be encouraged to achieve the rights and equalities which are now enshrined in Brazilian law but as yet are denied to so many? Why is the concept of equality so alien to Brazilian culture? It is difficult to believe that there are thousands of kilombos in Brazil, once hidden havens for escaped slaves and now ghettoes to so many people who are on the margins of history and economic development, who until recently were oblivious to what is now their legal right. How can so many be opposed, not to the redistribution of the land per se, but to its being handed over to Blacks? Brazil’s economy is improving rapidly and there are many schemes already in operation to help the underpriveledged in the bigger cities, thanks to the foresight of Lula da Silva, such as Bolsa Familia and Fome Zero, which have managed to eradicate pockets of poverty. I can only hope that these schemes are extended to the descendants of those people who were the first to work the sugar cane, the abacaxi and the cotton fields of this country. It is only what they deserve and Brazil would do well not to ignore them. Alberto gave us a present of the coco rings. Mine’s been on my finger since. While working in a disadvantaged school half a world away, I too would like to think that I am committed to social justice.
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